Tenebrist Painting: In the Italian Tenebrista. From the Latin tenebrae, “darkness.”
'Tenebrist painting uses extreme contrasts of light and dark in figurative compositions to heighten their dramatic effect.
In tenebrist paintings the figures are often portrayed against a background of intense darkness, but the figures themselves are illuminated by a bright, searching light that sets off their three-dimensional forms by a harsh but exquisitely controlled chiaroscuro.
The technique was introduced by the Italian painter Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio {1573-1610}) and was taken up in the early 17th century by painters influenced by him, including the French painter Georges de La Tour, the Dutch painters Gerrit van Honthorst and Hendrik Terbrugghen, and the Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbarán.'
From: Encyclopedia Britannica Online
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